Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide,with diverse treatment strategies.Among them,Yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy (⁹⁰Y-SIRT) serves as an important locoregional treatment modality and plays an increasingly significant role in the comprehensive management of HCC.In recent years,substantial clinical evidence has accumulated regarding the use of ⁹⁰Y-SIRT in HCC treatment.Against this backdrop,several international authoritative organizations—including the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN),European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL),European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO),and British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG)—have updated their HCC clinical practice guidelines and incorporated ⁹⁰Y-SIRT into their treatment recommendations.This article will focus on the recommendations from these international guidelines and,by integrating the latest clinical research and practical experience,systematically elucidate the application value of ⁹⁰Y-SIRT in HCC management.

Key words: hepatocellular carcinoma, Yttrium-90, selective internal radiation therapy, guidelines, interpretation