Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the fourth most common malignant tumor and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China,posing a serious threat to public health.In recent years,with significant advances in systemic therapies and continuous refinement of local treatment techniques,HCC conversion therapy has become a crucial clinical strategy for improving the prognosis of patients with advanced disease and potentially achieving cure.Currently,conversion therapy regimens exhibit a diverse landscape,primarily encompassing systemic therapy,local therapy,and combination therapy.Through synergistic mechanisms,these approaches aim to enhance tumor response rates and surgical conversion success rates.With the deepening of precision medicine concepts and the rising demand for individualized treatment,HCC conversion therapy is evolving toward greater precision and standardization,offering the potential to deliver survival benefits to more patients.

Key words: hepatocellular carcinoma, conversion therapy, systemic therapy, tumor downstaging