Abstract: Objective Investigating the Clinical Significance of Serum LLGL2 （Lethal Giant Larvae Homolog 2）Protein and ferritin levels in early diagnosis and disease evaluation of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC). Methods In this retrospective study,79 patients diagnosed with ESCC were enrolled as the observation group,and 100 healthy individuals were selected as the control group between June 2020 and December 2024.Clinical and pathological data were systematically collected,and serum levels of LLGL2 protein and ferritin were measured.Statistical analyses,including paired t> tests,χ² tests,Logistic regression analysis,and ROC curve analysis,were performed to assess the association of these biomarkers with ESCC and to evaluate their predictive performance. Results The levels of serum LLGL2 protein and serum ferritin in the observation group were (38.65±7.23) ng/ml and (420.56±85.32) ng/ml,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the normal group[(15.42±4.15) ng/ml and (180.23±40.56) ng/ml].Both biomarkers demonstrated significant correlations with tumor size,TNM stage,and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05),but no significant associations were observed with gender,age,or tumor differentiation degree (P>0.05).Multivariate analysis identified LLGL2 protein level,serum ferritin level,TNM stage,and lymph node metastasis as independent risk factors for ESCC development (P<0.05).Notably,the combined detection of LLGL2 protein and serum ferritin achieved an AUC of 0.927 (95%CI:0.888-0.966),outperforming the predictive performance of either biomarker alone. Conclusion Serum levels of LLGL2 protein and ferritin exhibit a strong correlation with ESCC.The combined measurement of these biomarkers demonstrates significant predictive value for ESCC,highlighting their potential as a promising approach for early diagnosis.

Key words: lethal giant larvae homolog 2; serum ferritin; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; predictive value