Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of mesangial thyroid resection in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and its effect on long-term prognosis. Methods A total of 105 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma who underwent radical thyroidectomy from December 30，2015 to January 30，2019 were enrolled.Among them，35 patients underwent mesangial thyroid resection（observation group），70 patients underwent conventional central lymph node dissection（control group）.The surgical indexes，postoperative complications，and postoperative serum parathyroid hormone（PTH）and serum calcium levels were compared between the two groups.The deadline of follow-up time was December 2019，the end of follow-up was death，and the effect of lymph node dissection and clinicopathological data on death rate was observed. Results The operation time of the observation group was longer than that of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.There was no significant difference in the amount of intraoperative blood loss，postoperative hospital stay，and time to get out of bed after surgery between the two groupst（P>0.05）.There were no significant differences in serum PTH and serum calcium between the two groups before and after surgery（P>0.05）.Serum PTH and serum calcium were lower in two groups on the first day after operation than that before surgery，and the serum PTH was lower in two groups on the third day after operation than that before surgery（P<0.05）.There were no significant differences in the incidence of postoperative laryngeal nerve injury，permanent laryngeal nerve injury，wound infection，postoperative bleeding，total complications，and secondary surgery in two groups（P>0.05）.The follow-up time was 12～48 months and the median follow-up time was 36.9 months.〖JP2〗 Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-ranktest showed that the 〖JP〗cumulative survival rate of patients with mesangial thyroid resection was higher than that of patients with non-mesangial thyroid resection（P<0.05）.Multivariate 〖LM〗analysis showed that TNM staging，extra-glandular invasion，lymph node metastasis，and mesangial thyroid resection were independent prognostic factors for survival rate（P<0.05）. Conclusion The short-term effect of mesangial thyroid resection is not much different from that of conventional central lymph nodes，but its death rate is low and the prognosis is good.

Key words: mesangial thyroid resection, thyroid papillary carcinoma, central lymph node