Abstract: [Abstract] Objective     To investigate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic and Xray placement of stenting in treatment of advanced esophageal and cardiac cancer.Methods   80 patients with advanced esophageal and cardiac cancer who underwent esophageal stent were selected as study subjects.They were divided into treatment group and control group according to the random numbers table（40 in each）.The treatment group was given endoscopic stenting under direct vision，and the control group was given stenting under Xray fluoroscopy.The clinical efficacy and postoperative complications were observed and compared between the two groups.Results  The stents were placed once in both groups.29 covered stents and 11 stentless stents were were stented in the treatment group.32 stented stents and 8 stentless stents were placed in the control group.The success rate of stent placement in both groups was 100%，and the stent placement was accurate and with good expansion.9 patients with esophageal bronchial spasm were tightly sealed.After 2 weeks of treatment，the total effective rate was 90.00% in the treatment group and 85.00% in the control group.The difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）.Compared with before treatment，the Scooler grading of the two groups was significantly improved after two weeks treatment.There was no significant difference between the two groups（P>0.05）.The incidence of postoperative chest pain and hemorrhage was 100% in both groups，and after alleviation of acid and hemostasis，they all eased in about 1 week.There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups（P>0.05）.Conclusion  Endoscopic visualization and esophageal stent under Xray fluoroscopy are effective in the treatment of advanced esophageal and cardiac cancers.Endoscopy under direct vision is simple and accurate.A greater degree of stenosis may be considered Xray fluoroscopy.