Abstract: In recent years,minimally invasive surgery for hallux valgus (MIS-HV) has evolved rapidly,moving beyond the stage of technical exploration intobroader clinical practice.Available evidence indicates that third-generation minimally invasive Chevron-Akin techniques (MICA/PECA) can achieve radiographic and clinical outcomes comparable to those of conventional open procedures in the short to medium term,while also offering potential advantages in postoperative recovery and early pain control.Despite this progress,several issues continue to limit the wider adoption of MIS-HV,including the lack of clearly defined indications,inconsistency in the criteria used to define recurrence,and concerns regarding reoperation and hardware-related complications.Future advances should therefore focus on three-dimensional correction strategies,standardized outcome assessment,stratified patient selection,and the development of structured training pathways,with the ultimate aim of improving the reproducibility of clinical practice and the durability of long-term outcomes.

Key words: hallux valgus;minimally invasive surgery;recurrence;learning curve;three-dimensional correction