Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) with single balloon bilateral sequential dilatation and high-viscosity cement in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs),and early to mid-term follow-up.Methods 120 patients with OVCFs were retrospectively selected from March 2022 to January 2024 in the hospital,and divided into control group (n=58,PVP with high-viscosity cement) and observation group (n=62,PVP with single balloon bilateral sequential dilatation and high-viscosity cement) according to different surgical methods.Surgical indicators,pain degrees,vertebral function,and early to mid-term follow-up results in both groups were observed.Results The operation time of the observation group was (41.84±7.47) minutes,which was longer than that of the control group (36.17±6.51) minutes.The amount of bone cement used was (5.60±1.21) ml,which was more than that of the control group (4.79±1.08) ml;the dispersion coefficient of bone cement was (3.48±0.36),which was higher than that of the control group [(3.30±0.33)],and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores of both groups on day 3 after surgery were lower than those before surgery,and the VAS scores at 3 months after surgery were lower than those on day 3 after surgery (P<0.05).On day 3 after surgery,vertebral height of observation group was [(22.07±2.21)mm] greater than that of control group [(20.98±2.08)mm],and Cobb angle was [(10.76±1.22)°] smaller than that of control group [(12.29±1.31)°].Three months after surgery,Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) of observation group was [(21.47±4.13)%] lower than that of control group [(23.12±4.25)%] (P<0.05).Early follow-up found that the incidence of complications in the two groups was comparable (P>0.05).Mid-term follow-up found that the incidence of complications was significantly lower in observation group (3.23%) than in the control group (13.79%) (P<0.05).Conclusion PVP with single balloon bilateral sequential dilatation and high-viscosity cement for OVCFs can improve the injection volume and diffusion effect of cement,reduce pain,and facilitate vertebral function recovery.Moreover,the risk of complications during early to mid-term follow-up is relatively low.

Key words: single balloon bilateral sequential dilatation, high-viscosity cement, percutaneous vertebroplasty, OVCFs, follow-up