Abstract: Constipation is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder with a global prevalence of approximately 10% to 20%.Its causes include functional disorders,organic diseases,and drug factors,with the majority being functional constipation.In recent years,driven by advancements in biomedicine,artificial intelligence (AI),and microbiome research,significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of constipation.This review systematically explores the latest developments in constipation treatment,including the role of the gut microbiota in constipation,the metabolic regulatory effects of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs),the impact of mental factors on intestinal motility.Additionally,it discusses future development directions such as AI-assisted diagnosis,AI-based consultation systems,personalized microbiota transplantation,and minimally invasive neuromodulation,providing new insights for precision medicine in constipation.

Key words: constipation, gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids；brain-computer interface, artificial intelligence, personalized microbiota transplantation