关键词: 膝关节, 后侧入路, 胫骨平台骨折, 后交叉韧带, 锚钉

Abstract: Objective To explore a better surgical approach for the surgical treatment of avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament of the tibial plateau.Methods From July 2014 to May 2024,A total of 29 cases of avulsion fractures at the insertion point of the posterior cruciate ligament of the tibial platform were admitted to our department.They were divided into two groups according to different surgical approaches.There were 16 cases in group A,which adopted the modified posterior approach,and 13 cases in group B,which adopted the conventional posterior approach.The therapeutic effects of the two groups of patients were evaluated by using the Lysholm knee score scale after surgery and the KOOS knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome scoring system.Results All patients were followed up for 12 to 14 months,with an average of (12.6 ±0.3) months.No serious adverse complications such as non-healing of the surgical site occurred in group A.In group B,there was 1 case of delayed wound healing and 8 cases of knee joint pain during movement.The Lysholm knee joint score and KOOS knee joint outcome score of patients in group A at 12 months after the operation were (88.65±9.23) points and (90.48±6.84) points respectively,and those in group B were (63.98±10.77) points and (69.37±9.01) points respectively.Both groups in group A were more satisfied than those in group B,and the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）.Conclusion For patients with avulsion fractures of the insertion point of the posterior cruciate ligament of the tibial platform,the modified minimally invasive penetrating muscle approach on the posterior side of the knee joint can reduce related complications such as excessive intraoperative bleeding,internal relaxation of the knee joint,and poor postoperative wound healing,enabling early functional exercise for patients and achieving a better prognosis.

Key words: knee joint, posterior approach, tibial plateau fracture, posterior cruciate ligament, anchor nail